As an important polymer compound, Polyacrylamide (PAM) has been widely used in various fields. According to their ionic properties, PAM can be divided into cationic, anionic and non-ionic types. In this article, we will introduce the differences, uses and structural characteristics of these three types of PAM in detail, so that you can better understand and choose the suitable PAM product for your own.
Anionic PAM (APAM)
- Structure: APAM is a water-soluble polymer, and there are a large number of negatively charged functional groups on the molecular chain, suitable for water pH value is neutral or alkaline sewage with many suspended particles with positive charge.
- Application: It is widely used for flocculation, sedimentation and clarification of various industrial wastewater, such as steel plant wastewater, electroplating plant wastewater, metallurgical wastewater, coal washing wastewater, etc., also, it can be used for drinking water clarification and purification treatment. In addition, the waste water of the amylating plant contains a lot of starch, and adding anionic PAM can make the starch particles flocculate and precipitate, and then the precipitate is filtered by the filter press into cake shape, which can be used as feed. The alcohol in the liquor factory can also be recovered by APAM dehydration and press filtration.
Cationic PAM (CPAM)
- Structure: CPAM is a linear polymer compound with a large number of positively charged functional groups on the molecular chain.
- Application: It's mainly used for the treatment of organic sludge or strong alkaline sludge, such as in medicine, biochemistry, pulp, textile printing, dyeing fields and so on.
- Sludge dewatering: CPAM can effectively dewater the sludge by gravity before the sludge enters the press filtration, which not only produces large floc, but also has high dewatering efficiency, and the moisture content of mud cake can be below 80%.
- Wastewater treatment: CPAM is suitable for acidic or neutral media, which has significant treatment effect on wastewater with negative charge of suspended particles in sewage, such as alcohol factory, brewery, MSG factory, sugar factory, beverage factory, textile printing and dyeing factory.
- Paper industry: CPAM is used as a paper strengthening agent to effectively improve the strength of paper, meanwhile, it is also a dispersant with excellent performance.
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Non-ionic PAM (NPAM)
- Structure: It's high molecular polymer or polyelectrolyte, and the molecular chain without charge functional groups. According to the molecular weight, it can be divided into high molecular weight NPAM and low molecular weight NPAM.
- Application: Due to its high hydrophilicity, it can be dissolved in water in various proportions, has a good tolerance for electrolytes, and is compatible with surfactants, so it is widely used in the following fields:
- Sewage treatment: When the suspended sewage is acidic, it is more appropriate to use NPAM as a flocculant, which can make the suspended particles flocculate and precipitate to achieve the purpose of purifying sewage.
- Mining and mineral processing: NPAM plays a role in the separation of solid and liquid in mining. In mining, NPAM can be used to precipitate suspended particles, making minerals easier to separate from water.
- Textile industry: NPAM can be used as a sizing agent in the textile industry to help fabrics maintain their shape and texture.
- Papermaking: In the papermaking process, NPAM can be used as a retention agent and drainage aid to improve the strength and quality of paper.
- Petroleum industry: NPAM is used in tertiary oil recovery processes to increase the viscosity of injected water, increase oil displacement, and improve recovery.
It can be seen that these three types of PAM have their own characteristics in structural characteristics and application fields. You should select suitable Polyacrylamide products according to actual needs. Welcome to contact us for PAM flocculant quotation. Except for Polyacrylamide, we can also provide other Industrial Water Treatment Chemicals, such as PDADMAC, PA, PAC, ACH, etc. If interested, welcome to contact us!